1. Introduction: Electrostatic fields and field stress control: Electrical field distribution and breakdown strength of insulating materials - fields in homogeneous, isotropic materials - fields in multi-dielectric, isotropic materials - numerical method: Finite Element Method (FEM), charge simulation method (CSM)
2. Electrical breakdown in gases Gases as insulating media - ionization and decay processes, Townsend first ionization coefficient, photo ionization, ionization by interaction of metastable with atoms, thermal ionization, deionization by recombination, deionization by attachment–negative ion formation, examples - cathode processes – secondary effects, photoelectric emission, electron emission by positive ion and excited atom impact, thermionic emission, field emission, Townsend second ionization coefficient, secondary electron emission by photon impact, examples - transition from non-self-sustained discharges to breakdown, the Townsend mechanism, examples - the streamer or ‘kanal’ mechanism of spark, examples - the sparking voltage–Paschen’s law, penning effect, the breakdown field strength, breakdown in non-uniform fields partial breakdown, corona discharges.
3. Breakdown in liquid: Liquid as insulators, breakdown in liquids - electronic breakdown, suspended solid particle mechanism, cavity breakdown, examples - static electrification in power transformers, transformer oil filtration, transformer oil test, alternative liquid insulations like vegetable oils, esters and silicon oils.
4. Generation of high voltages : Generation of high direct voltages, half and full wave rectifier circuits, voltage multiplier circuits, Van de Graff generators, electrostatic generators, examples - generation of alternating voltages, testing transformers, cascaded transformers, resonant transformers, examples - impulse voltages, Standard lightning and switching surge and associated parameters and their corrections, impulse voltage generator circuits, Marx circuit, operation, design and construction of impulse generators, examples - impulse current generator - control systems.
5. Measurement of high voltages: High direct voltage measurement, peak voltage measurements by spark gaps, sphere gaps, reference measuring systems, uniform field gaps, rod gaps, factors affecting sphere gap measurements, examples - electrostatic voltmeters - ammeter in series with high ohmic resistors and high ohmic resistor voltage dividers - generating voltmeters and field sensors - the measurement of peak voltages, the Chubb–Fortescue method, high- voltage capacitors for measuring circuits - voltage dividing systems and impulse voltage measurements, generalized voltage generation and measuring circuit, voltage dividers, interaction between voltage divider and its lead, the divider’s low-voltage arm - digital recorders, errors inherent in digital recorders
6. High voltage testing: Testing of insulators and bushings, testing of isolators and circuit, Breakers testing of cables, testing of transformers - testing of surge diverters - radio interference measurements - design, planning and layout of high voltage laboratory .
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